9.1 \u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u7ba1\u7406\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n
9.1.1 \u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
useradd, userdel, usermod, passwd, chsh, chfn, finger, id, chage<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7ec4\u7ba1\u7406\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
groupadd, groupdel, groupmod, gpasswd<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
chown, chgrp, chmod, umask<\/p>\n\n\n\n
9.1.3 \u5e38\u7528\u6587\u4ef6\u53ca\u5176\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\/etc\/passwd:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7528\u6237\u540d\uff1a\u5bc6\u7801\uff1aUID:GID\uff1a\u6ce8\u91ca\uff1a\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\uff1a\u9ed8\u8ba4SHELL<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 default]# cat \/etc\/passwd<\/p>\n\n\n\n
root:x:0:0:root:\/root:\/bin\/bash<\/p>\n\n\n\n
bin:x:1:1:bin:\/bin:\/sbin\/nologin<\/p>\n\n\n\n
daemon:x:2:2:daemon:\/sbin:\/sbin\/nologin<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\/etc\/group:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7ec4\u540d\uff1a\u5bc6\u7801\uff1aGID:\u4ee5\u6b64\u7ec4\u4e3a\u5176\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\u7684\u7528\u6237\u5217\u8868<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 default]# cat \/etc\/group<\/p>\n\n\n\n
root:x:0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
bin:x:1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
daemon:x:2:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sys:x:3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
adm:x:4:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
tty:x:5:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
disk:x:6:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\/etc\/shadow\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7528\u6237\u540d\uff1a\u5bc6\u7801\uff1a\u6700\u8fd1\u4e00\u6b21\u4fee\u6539\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a\u6700\u77ed\u4f7f\u7528\u671f\u9650\uff1a\u6700\u957f\u4f7f\u7528\u671f\u9650\uff1a\u8b66\u544a\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a\u975e\u6d3b\u52a8\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a\u8fc7\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 default]# cat \/etc\/shadow<\/p>\n\n\n\n
root:$6$PFQ4zANu$LyrKxl8kGT\/lYge0N0zj1f1ltbuvXaJIFale65FJ4gA\/llvFXABl6kOL9KvQTMJ01W6Jxu81GSLx9qIBnq4Sv1:18782:0:99999:7:::<\/p>\n\n\n\n
bin:*:17834:0:99999:7:::<\/p>\n\n\n\n
daemon:*:17834:0:99999:7:::<\/p>\n\n\n\n
adm:*:17834:0:99999:7:::<\/p>\n\n\n\n
9.2 \u6dfb\u52a0\u7528\u6237<\/p>\n\n\n\n
useradd [options] USERNAME <\/p>\n\n\n\n
-u UID \u6307\u5b9aUID<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-g GID\uff08\u57fa\u672c\u7ec4\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-G GID,… \uff08\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-c “COMMENT” \u6307\u5b9a\u6ce8\u91ca\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-d \/path\/to\/directory \u6307\u5b9a\u67d0\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-s SHELL \u6307\u5b9ashell\u8def\u5f84\uff08\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u5728\/etc\/shells\u91cc\u9762\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-m -k \u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\u5e76\u4e14\u5c06\/etc\/skel\/\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u7528\u6237\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u5bfc\u8fc7\u6765<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-M \u4e0d\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u521b\u5efa\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-r: \u6dfb\u52a0\u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u6237<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\/etc\/login.defs\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u7528\u4e8e\u5728Linux\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\u65f6\uff0c\u5bf9\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u5c5e\u6027\u505a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6307\u5b9a\u7528\u6237 UID \u548c GID \u7684\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8fc7\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u6700\u5927\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# ueradd -u 1000 test<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-bash: ueradd: command not found<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# useradd -u 1000 test<\/p>\n\n\n\n
useradd: UID 1000 is not unique<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# useradd -u 10011 test<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# tail -1 \/etc\/passwd<\/p>\n\n\n\n
test:x:10011:10011::\/home\/test:\/bin\/bash<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# useradd -g hellosa test1<\/p>\n\n\n\n
useradd: group ‘hellosa’ does not exist<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# useradd -g mygroup test1<\/p>\n\n\n\n
useradd: group ‘mygroup’ does not exist<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# groupadd test<\/p>\n\n\n\n
groupadd: group ‘test’ already exists<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# useradd -g test test1<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# tail -1 \/etc\/passwd<\/p>\n\n\n\n
test1:x:10012:10011::\/home\/test1:\/bin\/bash<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# useradd -G test test2<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# tail -1 \/etc\/passwd<\/p>\n\n\n\n
test2:x:10013:10013::\/home\/test2:\/bin\/bash<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# useradd -s \/sbin\/nologin test3<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# su – test3<\/p>\n\n\n\n
This account is currently not available.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# useradd -M test4<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# su – test4<\/p>\n\n\n\n
su: warning: cannot change directory to \/home\/test4: No such file or directory<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-bash-4.2$<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-bash-4.2$<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-bash-4.2$<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-bash-4.2$<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-bash-4.2$ pwd<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\/root<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-bash-4.2$ exit<\/p>\n\n\n\n
logout<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
PATH<\/p>\n\n\n\n
HISTSIZE<\/p>\n\n\n\n
SHELL\uff08\u4fdd\u5b58\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4shell\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\/etc\/shells\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u5f53\u524d\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u5b89\u5168shell<\/p>\n\n\n\n
9.3 \u7528\u6237\u5220\u9664<\/p>\n\n\n\n
userdel:\u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237<\/p>\n\n\n\n
userdel [option] USERNAME\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e0d\u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-r: \u540c\u65f6\u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n\n\n\n
id\uff1a\u67e5\u770b\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5e10\u53f7\u5c5e\u6027\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u52a0\u7528\u6237<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-u \u67e5\u770bUID<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-g \u67e5\u770b\u53ef\u7528\u7684GID<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-G \u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u7684GID<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-n \u67e5\u770b\u540d\u79f0<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# id test<\/p>\n\n\n\n
uid=10011(test) gid=10011(test) groups=10011(test)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# id -u test<\/p>\n\n\n\n
10011<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# id -g test<\/p>\n\n\n\n
10011<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# id -G test<\/p>\n\n\n\n
10011<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# id -u -n test<\/p>\n\n\n\n
test<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# id -g -n test<\/p>\n\n\n\n
test<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# id -G -n test<\/p>\n\n\n\n
test<\/p>\n\n\n\n
finger: \u67e5\u770b\u7528\u6237\u5e10\u53f7\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n\n\n\n
finger USERNAME<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# finger test<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Login: test Name:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Directory: \/home\/test Shell: \/bin\/bash<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Never logged in.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
No mail.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
No Plan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
9.4 \u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u5e10\u53f7\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
usermod<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-u UID \u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237UID<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-g GID \u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237GID<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-a -G GID\uff1a\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528-a\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u4f1a\u8986\u76d6\u6b64\u524d\u7684\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-c \u4f7f\u7528\u6ce8\u91ca\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-d -m\uff1a\u7ed9\u7528\u6237\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u4e4b\u524d\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u65b0\u7684\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-s \u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237shell<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-l loginname \u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u540d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-L\uff1a\u9501\u5b9a\u5e10\u53f7<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-U\uff1a\u89e3\u9501\u5e10\u53f7<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# id test<\/p>\n\n\n\n
uid=10011(test) gid=10011(test) groups=10011(test)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# usermod -u 2002 test<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# id test<\/p>\n\n\n\n
uid=2002(test) gid=10011(test) groups=10011(test)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
chsh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4shell<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# finger test<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Login: test Name:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Directory: \/home\/test Shell: \/bin\/bash<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Never logged in.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
No mail.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
No Plan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# id test<\/p>\n\n\n\n
uid=10011(test) gid=10011(test) groups=10011(test)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# usermod -u 2002 test<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# id test<\/p>\n\n\n\n
uid=2002(test) gid=10011(test) groups=10011(test)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# finger test<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Login: test Name:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Directory: \/home\/test Shell: \/bin\/bash<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Never logged in.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
No mail.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
No Plan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# chsh test<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Changing shell for test.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
New shell [\/bin\/bash]: \/bin\/tcsh<\/p>\n\n\n\n
chsh: “\/bin\/tcsh” does not exist<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# cat \/etc\/shells<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\/bin\/sh<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\/bin\/bash<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\/usr\/bin\/sh<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\/usr\/bin\/bash<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# cat \/etc\/shells chsh test<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\/bin\/sh<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\/bin\/bash<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\/usr\/bin\/sh<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\/usr\/bin\/bash<\/p>\n\n\n\n
cat: chsh: No such file or directory<\/p>\n\n\n\n
cat: test: No such file or directory<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# chsh test<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Changing shell for test.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
New shell [\/bin\/bash]: \/bin\/sh<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Shell changed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# finger test<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Login: test Name:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Directory: \/home\/test Shell: \/bin\/sh<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Never logged in.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
No mail.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
No Plan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
chfn\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4fee\u6539\u6ce8\u91ca\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n\n\n\n
chage\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u6539\u53d8\u5bc6\u7801\u8fc7\u671f\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-d: \u6700\u8fd1\u4e00\u6b21\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-E: \u8fc7\u671f\u65f6\u95f4<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-I\uff1a\u975e\u6d3b\u52a8\u65f6\u95f4<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-m: \u6700\u77ed\u4f7f\u7528\u671f\u9650<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-M: \u6700\u957f\u4f7f\u7528\u671f\u9650<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-W: \u8b66\u544a\u65f6\u95f4<\/p>\n\n\n\n
9.5 \u5bc6\u7801\u7ba1\u7406\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
passwd [USERNAME]<\/p>\n\n\n\n
–stdin \u7528\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u8bfb\u53d6\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u6765\u5728\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\u8d26\u53f7\u53ca\u5bc6\u7801<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-l \u9501\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-u \u89e3\u9501\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-d: \u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-n:\u8bbe\u5b9a\u5bc6\u7801\u6700\u77ed\u4f7f\u7528\u671f\u9650<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-x:\u8bbe\u5b9a\u5bc6\u7801\u6700\u957f\u4f7f\u7528\u671f\u9650<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# echo “redhat”<\/p>\n\n\n\n
redhat<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# echo “redhat” | passwd –stdin test<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Changing password for user test.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# tail \/etc\/shadow<\/p>\n\n\n\n
nfsnobody:!!:17924::::::<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sshd:!!:17924::::::<\/p>\n\n\n\n
postfix:!!:17924::::::<\/p>\n\n\n\n
chrony:!!:17924::::::<\/p>\n\n\n\n
daniel:$6$e6rwtpqp$awkNfQl9GtXO7vJNrRrlyJfIE7OcxzOuJZBAR3OueOSBIPtK9ZyuJoBH1s9Ln666KZD8zr9pSnsRg90Wiupj7.:18782:0:99999:7:::<\/p>\n\n\n\n
test:$6$c5y8U2BO$7AFRriEzYrC2qiH7DeQrl9sMpswUCpFzJ4n\/2wcwUifUhlwSKsZzWlv0l75WDEvSTKAeGi3kxzmkumgk0p1ZX0:18782:0:99999:7:::<\/p>\n\n\n\n
test1:!!:18782:0:99999:7:::<\/p>\n\n\n\n
test2:!!:18782:0:99999:7:::<\/p>\n\n\n\n
test3:!!:18782:0:99999:7:::<\/p>\n\n\n\n
test4:!!:18782:0:99999:7:::<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# passwd -d test<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Removing password for user test.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
passwd: Success<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# tail \/etc\/shadow<\/p>\n\n\n\n
nfsnobody:!!:17924::::::<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sshd:!!:17924::::::<\/p>\n\n\n\n
postfix:!!:17924::::::<\/p>\n\n\n\n
chrony:!!:17924::::::<\/p>\n\n\n\n
daniel:$6$e6rwtpqp$awkNfQl9GtXO7vJNrRrlyJfIE7OcxzOuJZBAR3OueOSBIPtK9ZyuJoBH1s9Ln666KZD8zr9pSnsRg90Wiupj7.:18782:0:99999:7:::<\/p>\n\n\n\n
test::18782:0:99999:7:::<\/p>\n\n\n\n
test1:!!:18782:0:99999:7:::<\/p>\n\n\n\n
test2:!!:18782:0:99999:7:::<\/p>\n\n\n\n
test3:!!:18782:0:99999:7:::<\/p>\n\n\n\n
test4:!!:18782:0:99999:7:::<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
pwck\uff1a\uff08passwd check\uff09\u68c0\u67e5\u7528\u6237\u5e10\u53f7\u5b8c\u6574\u6027<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# pwck<\/p>\n\n\n\n
user ‘ftp’: directory ‘\/var\/ftp’ does not exist<\/p>\n\n\n\n
user ‘test4’: directory ‘\/home\/test4’ does not exist<\/p>\n\n\n\n
pwck: no changes<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
9.6 \u7ec4\u7ba1\u7406\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1\u3001groupadd \u521b\u5efa\u7ec4:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-g GID\u6307\u5b9agid<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-r\uff1a\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ec4<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# useradd -r apache<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# tail -1 \/etc\/passwd<\/p>\n\n\n\n
apache:x:997:994::\/home\/apache:\/bin\/bash<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# groupadd -r nginx<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# tail -1 \/etc\/group<\/p>\n\n\n\n
nginx:x:993:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2\u3001groupmod \u4fee\u6539\u7ec4\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-g GID \u4fee\u6539GID<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-n GRPNAME \u4fee\u6539\u7ec4\u540d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
3\u3001groupdel \u5220\u9664\u7ec4<\/p>\n\n\n\n
4\u3001gpasswd\uff1a\u4e3a\u7ec4\u8bbe\u5b9a\u5bc6\u7801<\/p>\n\n\n\n
newgrp \u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u4e34\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a\u65b0\u7684\u7ec4<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# gpasswd test<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Changing the password for group test<\/p>\n\n\n\n
New Password:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Re-enter new password:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# newgrp test<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# su – apache<\/p>\n\n\n\n
su: warning: cannot change directory to \/home\/apache: No such file or directory<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-bash-4.2$<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-bash-4.2$<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-bash-4.2$ newgrp test<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Password:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
bash-4.2$ ginger<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7ec3\u4e60\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237mandriva\uff0c\u5176ID\u53f7\u4e3a2002\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u7ec4\u4e3adistro\uff08\u7ec4ID\u4e3a3003\uff09\uff0c\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\u4e3alinux\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# groupadd -g 3003 distro<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# groupadd linux<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# useradd -u 2002 -g distro -G linux mandriva<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# id mandriva<\/p>\n\n\n\n
uid=2002(mandriva) gid=3003(distro) groups=3003(distro),3004(linux)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237fedora\uff0c\u5176\u5168\u540d\u4e3aFedora Community\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4shell\u4e3atcsh\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# useradd -c “Fedora Community” -s \/bin\/tcsh fedora<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# tail -1 \/etc\/passwd<\/p>\n\n\n\n
fedora:x:2003:2003:Fedora Community:\/home\/fedora:\/bin\/tcsh<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
3\u3001\u4fee\u6539mandriva\u7684ID\u53f7\u4e3a4004\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u7ec4\u4e3alinux\uff0c\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\u4e3adistro\u548cfedora\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# usermod -u 4004 -g linux -G distro,fedora mandriva<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# id mandriva<\/p>\n\n\n\n
uid=4004(mandriva) gid=3004(linux) groups=3004(linux),3003(distro),2003(fedora)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
4\u3001\u7ed9fedora\u52a0\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u8bbe\u5b9a\u5176\u5bc6\u7801\u6700\u77ed\u4f7f\u7528\u671f\u9650\u4e3a2\u5929\uff0c\u6700\u957f\u4e3a50\u5929\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# passwd -n 2 -x 50 fedora<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Adjusting aging data for user fedora.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
passwd: Success<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# tail -1 \/etc\/passwd<\/p>\n\n\n\n
fedora:x:2003:2003:Fedora Community:\/home\/fedora:\/bin\/tcsh<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# tail -1 \/etc\/shadow<\/p>\n\n\n\n
fedora:!!:18810:2:50:7:::<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
5\u3001\u5c06mandriva\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4shell\u6539\u4e3a\/bin\/bash; <\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# usermod -s \/bin\/sh mandriva<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# usermod -s \/bin\/bash mandriva<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# tail -2 \/etc\/passwd<\/p>\n\n\n\n
mandriva:x:4004:3004::\/home\/mandriva:\/bin\/bash<\/p>\n\n\n\n
fedora:x:2003:2003:Fedora Community:\/home\/fedora:\/bin\/tcsh<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
6\u3001\u6dfb\u52a0\u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u6237hbase\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u5176\u767b\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# useradd -r -s \/sbin\/nologin hbase<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# su hbase<\/p>\n\n\n\n
This account is currently not available.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]#<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
9.1 \u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u7ba1\u7406\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u6587\u4ef6 9.1.1 \u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4   […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-409","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linux"],"aioseo_notices":[],"views":189,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.oceansource.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/409","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.oceansource.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.oceansource.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.oceansource.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.oceansource.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=409"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.oceansource.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/409\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":723,"href":"https:\/\/www.oceansource.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/409\/revisions\/723"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.oceansource.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=409"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.oceansource.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=409"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.oceansource.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=409"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}