grep, sed(\u6d41\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\/\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u7f16\u8f91\u5668), awk\uff08\u62a5\u544a\u6587\u672c\u751f\u6210\u5668\uff09 <\/p>\n\n\n\n
17.1 sed\u57fa\u672c\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sed: Stream Editor<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u884c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668 (\u5168\u5c4f\u7f16\u8f91\u5668: vi)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sed: \u6a21\u5f0f\u7a7a\u95f4<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e0d\u7f16\u8f91\u539f\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ec5\u5bf9\u6a21\u5f0f\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u505a\u5904\u7406\uff1b\u800c\u540e\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0c\u5c06\u6a21\u5f0f\u7a7a\u95f4\u6253\u5370\u81f3\u5c4f\u5e55\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sed [options] ‘AddressCommand’ file …<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-n: \u9759\u9ed8\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u9ed8\u8ba4\u663e\u793a\u6a21\u5f0f\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-i: \u76f4\u63a5\u4fee\u6539\u539f\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-e SCRIPT \u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u591a\u4e2a\u811a\u672c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u6dfb\u52a0\u811a\u672c\u5230\u88ab\u6267\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5f53\u4e2d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-f \/PATH\/TO\/SED_SCRIPT<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sed -f \/path\/to\/scripts file<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u6dfb\u52a0\u811a\u672c\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5230\u88ab\u6267\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5f53\u4e2d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-r: \u8868\u793a\u4f7f\u7528\u6269\u5c55\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n
17.2 Address\u5236\u5b9a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1\u3001StartLine,EndLine\uff08\u8d77\u59cb\u884c\u5230\u7ed3\u675f\u884c\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u6bd4\u59821,100\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u5f00\u59cb\u5230\u7b2c100\u884c\u7ed3\u675f<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$\uff1a\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$-1:\u5012\u6570\u7b2c\u4e8c\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2\u3001\/RegExp\/\uff08\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\/^root\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n
3\u3001\/pattern1\/,\/pattern2\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u88abpattern1\u5339\u914d\u5230\u7684\u884c\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u81f3\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u88abpattern2\u5339\u914d\u5230\u7684\u884c\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2d\u95f4\u7684\u6240\u6709\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
4\u3001LineNumber<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u884c\uff08\u6307\u5b9a\u7cbe\u786e\u67d0\u4e00\u884c\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n
5\u3001StartLine, +N<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4ecestartLine\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5411\u540e\u7684N\u884c\uff0c\u603b\u5171\u662fN+1\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
17.3 Command\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
d: \u5220\u9664\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u884c\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n
p: \u663e\u793a\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u884c\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n
a \\string: \u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u884c\u540e\u9762\u8ffd\u52a0\u65b0\u884c\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u4e3astring<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\\n\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u6362\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
i \\string: \u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u884c\u524d\u9762\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u884c\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u4e3astring<\/p>\n\n\n\n
r FILE: \u5c06\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u884c\u5904<\/p>\n\n\n\n
w FILE: \u5c06\u5730\u5740\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u884c\u53e6\u5b58\u81f3\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d; <\/p>\n\n\n\n
s\/pattern\/string\/\u4fee\u9970\u7b26: \u67e5\u627e\u5e76\u66ff\u6362\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53ea\u66ff\u6362\u6bcf\u884c\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u88ab\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u5230\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u52a0\u4fee\u9970\u7b26\uff08\u60f3\u8981\u8ba9\u6240\u6709\u7684\u90fd\u66ff\u6362\u7684\u8bdd\u8981\u52a0\u4fee\u9970\u7b26\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n
g: \u5168\u5c40\u66ff\u6362<\/p>\n\n\n\n
i: \u5ffd\u7565\u5b57\u7b26\u5927\u5c0f\u5199<\/p>\n\n\n\n
s\/\/\/: s###, s@@@ \u6548\u679c\u90fd\u4e00\u6837<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\\(\\), \\1, \\2\uff0c\u2026 \u540e\u5411\u5f15\u7528\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e5f\u9002\u7528<\/p>\n\n\n\n
l..e: like–>liker<\/p>\n\n\n\n
love–>lover<\/p>\n\n\n\n
like–>Like<\/p>\n\n\n\n
love–>Love<\/p>\n\n\n\n
&: \u5f15\u7528\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u5230\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sed\u7ec3\u4e60\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1\u3001\u5220\u9664\/etc\/grub.conf\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u884c\u9996\u7684\u7a7a\u767d\u7b26\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sed -r ‘s@^[[:spapce:]]+@@g’ \/etc\/grub.conf<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# cat \/etc\/grub.conf<\/p>\n\n\n\n
default=0<\/p>\n\n\n\n
timeout=0<\/p>\n\n\n\n
title CentOS Linux 7 (3.10.0-957.1.3.el7.x86_64)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
root (hd0)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
kernel \/boot\/vmlinuz-3.10.0-957.1.3.el7.x86_64 ro root=UUID=f41e390f-835b-4223-a9bb-9b45984ddf8d console=hvc0 LANG=en_US.UTF-8<\/p>\n\n\n\n
initrd \/boot\/initramfs-3.10.0-957.1.3.el7.x86_64.img<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# sed -r ‘s@^[[:space:]]+@@g’ \/etc\/grub.conf<\/p>\n\n\n\n
default=0<\/p>\n\n\n\n
timeout=0<\/p>\n\n\n\n
title CentOS Linux 7 (3.10.0-957.1.3.el7.x86_64)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
root (hd0)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
kernel \/boot\/vmlinuz-3.10.0-957.1.3.el7.x86_64 ro root=UUID=f41e390f-835b-4223-a9bb-9b45984ddf8d console=hvc0 LANG=en_US.UTF-8<\/p>\n\n\n\n
initrd \/boot\/initramfs-3.10.0-957.1.3.el7.x86_64.img<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2\u3001\u66ff\u6362\/etc\/inittab\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d”id:3:initdefault:”\u4e00\u884c\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u4e3a5\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sed ‘s@\\(id:\\)[0-9]\\(:initdefault:\\)@\\15\\2@g’ \/etc\/inittab<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# cat \/etc\/inittab<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# inittab is no longer used when using systemd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# ADDING CONFIGURATION HERE WILL HAVE NO EFFECT ON YOUR SYSTEM.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# Ctrl-Alt-Delete is handled by \/usr\/lib\/systemd\/system\/ctrl-alt-del.target<\/p>\n\n\n\n
#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# systemd uses ‘targets’ instead of runlevels. By default, there are two main targets:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
id:3:initdefault:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# multi-user.target: analogous to runlevel 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# graphical.target: analogous to runlevel 5<\/p>\n\n\n\n
#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# To view current default target, run:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# systemctl get-default<\/p>\n\n\n\n
#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# To set a default target, run:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# systemctl set-default TARGET.target<\/p>\n\n\n\n
#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# sed ‘s@\\(id:\\)[0-9]\\(:initdefault:\\)@\\15\\2@g’ \/etc\/inittab<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# inittab is no longer used when using systemd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# ADDING CONFIGURATION HERE WILL HAVE NO EFFECT ON YOUR SYSTEM.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# Ctrl-Alt-Delete is handled by \/usr\/lib\/systemd\/system\/ctrl-alt-del.target<\/p>\n\n\n\n
#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# systemd uses ‘targets’ instead of runlevels. By default, there are two main targets:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
id:5:initdefault:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
3\u3001\u5220\u9664\/etc\/inittab\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u7a7a\u767d\u884c\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sed ‘\/^$\/d’ \/etc\/inittab<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# cat !$<\/p>\n\n\n\n
cat \/etc\/inittab<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# inittab is no longer used when using systemd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# ADDING CONFIGURATION HERE WILL HAVE NO EFFECT ON YOUR SYSTEM.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# Ctrl-Alt-Delete is handled by \/usr\/lib\/systemd\/system\/ctrl-alt-del.target<\/p>\n\n\n\n
#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# systemd uses ‘targets’ instead of runlevels. By default, there are two main targets:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
id:3:initdefault:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# multi-user.target: analogous to runlevel 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# graphical.target: analogous to runlevel 5<\/p>\n\n\n\n
#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# To view current default target, run:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# systemctl get-default<\/p>\n\n\n\n
#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# To set a default target, run:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# systemctl set-default TARGET.target<\/p>\n\n\n\n
#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# sed ‘\/^$\/d’ \/etc\/inittab<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# inittab is no longer used when using systemd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# ADDING CONFIGURATION HERE WILL HAVE NO EFFECT ON YOUR SYSTEM.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
4\u3001\u5220\u9664\/etc\/inittab\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5f00\u5934\u7684#\u53f7; <\/p>\n\n\n\n
sed ‘s@^#@@g’ \/etc\/inittab<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# sed ‘s@^#@@g’ \/etc\/inittab<\/p>\n\n\n\n
inittab is no longer used when using systemd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ADDING CONFIGURATION HERE WILL HAVE NO EFFECT ON YOUR SYSTEM.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ctrl-Alt-Delete is handled by \/usr\/lib\/systemd\/system\/ctrl-alt-del.target<\/p>\n\n\n\n
systemd uses ‘targets’ instead of runlevels. By default, there are two main targets:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
id:3:initdefault:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
multi-user.target: analogous to runlevel 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n
graphical.target: analogous to runlevel 5<\/p>\n\n\n\n
To view current default target, run:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
systemctl get-default<\/p>\n\n\n\n
To set a default target, run:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
systemctl set-default TARGET.target<\/p>\n\n\n\n
5\u3001\u5220\u9664\u67d0\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5f00\u5934\u7684#\u53f7\u53ca\u540e\u9762\u7684\u7a7a\u767d\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u4f46\u8981\u6c42#\u53f7\u540e\u9762\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u7a7a\u767d\u5b57\u7b26;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sed -r ‘s@^#[[:space:]]+@@g’ \/etc\/inittab<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@Daniel-R480 ~]# sed -r ‘s@^#[[:space:]]+@@g’ \/etc\/inittab<\/p>\n\n\n\n
inittab is no longer used when using systemd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ADDING CONFIGURATION HERE WILL HAVE NO EFFECT ON YOUR SYSTEM.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ctrl-Alt-Delete is handled by \/usr\/lib\/systemd\/system\/ctrl-alt-del.target<\/p>\n\n\n\n
#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
systemd uses ‘targets’ instead of runlevels. By default, there are two main targets:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
id:3:initdefault:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
multi-user.target: analogous to runlevel 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n
graphical.target: analogous to runlevel 5<\/p>\n\n\n\n
#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
To view current default target, run:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
systemctl get-default<\/p>\n\n\n\n
#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
To set a default target, run:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
systemctl set-default TARGET.target<\/p>\n\n\n\n
#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
6\u3001\u5220\u9664\u67d0\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4ee5\u7a7a\u767d\u5b57\u7b26\u540e\u9762\u8ddf#\u7c7b\u7684\u884c\u4e2d\u7684\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u7a7a\u767d\u5b57\u7b26\u53ca#<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sed -r ‘s@^[[:space:]]+#@@g’ \/etc\/inittab<\/p>\n\n\n\n
7\u3001\u53d6\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\u79f0;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
echo “\/etc\/rc.d\/” | sed -r ‘s@^(\/.*\/)[^\/]+\/?@\\1@g’ <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u57fa\u540d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
echo “\/etc\/rc.d\/” | sed -r ‘s@^\/.*\/([^\/]+)\/?@\\1@g’ <\/p>\n\n\n\n
#abc<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# hello world<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# hi world<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
grep, sed(\u6d41\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\/\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u7f16\u8f91\u5668), awk\uff08\u62a5\u544a\u6587\u672c\u751f\u6210\u5668\uff09 &nb […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-495","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linux"],"aioseo_notices":[],"views":320,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.oceansource.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/495","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.oceansource.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.oceansource.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.oceansource.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.oceansource.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=495"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.oceansource.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/495\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":496,"href":"https:\/\/www.oceansource.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/495\/revisions\/496"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.oceansource.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=495"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.oceansource.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=495"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.oceansource.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=495"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}